Additional Features

Administrative users may extend or revoke permissions for users to send transactions to a private blockchain.

Additional Features

The dev team upgraded the encryption algorithm to Ed25519. Ed25519 is efficient which is important for blockchain performance where each chain is expected to process large volumes of transactions.

The exercise of upgrading the encryption had independent value. It demonstrated the code is being written such that changing the encryption algorithm leaves the logic of all the validation checks intact. Put another way, the protocol works regardless of the encryption algorithm used.

As envisioned in Geeq’s White Paper, the dev team has shown that Geeq’s upgrade path is feasible.

Additional Features

Geeq’s standard merkle trees provide an efficient and novel way to encode a merkle path all the way to the transaction level in any node’s block. If a user has exact data on a transaction, it is straightforward to dive quickly into the Merkle trees.

The schema for the merkle trees was finalized for each transaction in the Validation Layer Block, the Validation Layer Ledger, the Application Layer Block, and the Application Layer Ledger.

The same merkle schema apply to every Geeq chain, private or public, regardless of the features included in the chain.

For an introduction to Geeq’s merkle trees, please see the June 2023 Technical Update.

Additional Features

The merkle roots for the Validation Layer Block (VLB), Validation Layer Ledger (VLL), and Application Layer Block (ALB or app block) were computed for Geeq’s Data app.

Additional Features

Geeq’s protocol is different from other protocols because it is a leaderless protocol. At Geeq, each independent node receives the same set of transactions and builds its own block. Each individual node is responsible for following the validation protocol exactly.

The protocol requires each node to sign (attest) to a content statement that contains their own Chain State View, based on their own computed merkle roots. By protocol, nodes determine whether or not other nodes share the same view and automatically audit those with a different chain state view.

Geeq’s chain state view forms the basis for networks to initiate an automatic self-audit the moment they detect a difference in state. The network partitions itself and nodes who have incorrectly formed blocks are isolated, protecting users. Honest nodes are also protected because conditions for slashing are purely objective, rather than by a vote. For more details, please read the May 2023 Technical Update.

Additional Features

Private blockchain users may not wish to allow public or anonymous nodes in their chain’s validation network. Permissions were added to drop nodes from a network.

Geeq’s no-consensus protocol still holds each individual node accountable for following its strict validation criteria. In other words, Geeq’s private blockchain users are still protected, by protocol, from malicious individual nodes or from collusion of a group of nodes even if they do not delete such nodes.

The permissions exist primarily for privacy, changes in enterprise collaboration, or to make other changes in the active network list.

Additional Features

Private blockchain users may wish to authorize specific nodes to join their chain’s validation network. Permissions were added to add nodes to a network.

Adding nodes to a validation network allows private blockchain users to increase access and convenience to blockchain services, multiply network effects, selectively increase transparency, improve compliance, and seamlessly work with regulators.

Additional Features

Geeq-native NFTs and fungible tokens were added to Geeq’s original roadmap. As a result, two new asset categories were added to the schema for the original coin asset records.

A user’s coin asset account will include coins, NFTs, and fungible tokens.

Additional Features

Geeq Data established Geeq’s software product development cycle. As transactions were validated and written to a block, their data payloads were separated and written to a corresponding app block. Thus, the attestations were captured in time in the application blockchain. Pure data does not require the creation of an application ledger record.

An NFT does require the creation of an application ledger record. The record is written into the ledger when it is minted. The characteristics of the NFT are signed when the mint transaction is submitted, ensuring its provenance and description are fixed when the mint transaction is validated. For more details, please see the November 2023 Technical Update.

Additional Features

Ordinary user accounts are coin asset accounts controlled by its public-private key (PPK) pair. When a coin asset account is created, a coin asset account record is created in the validation layer ledger. These user accounts may contain coins, NFTs, and fungible tokens. A user may send and receive any of those assets using (the same) standard transactions. When those transactions are validated and written in the validation layer block, balances are updated in the validation layer ledger.

Proxy accounts are user accounts that require additional validation criteria. Conceptually, it is helpful to distinguish them from ordinary user accounts by imagining their functions. An individual controls their own coin asset accounts and may wish to assume anonymity. In contrast, an administrator may control a proxy account and wish to separate the proxy account’s PPK from their personal PPK.

A proxy account must be created in order to mint NFTs.

Additional Features

One of Geeq’s strengths is the ease with which it integrates Web2 or SaaS style apps with blockchain. The dev team prepared a NFT minting app for the community for the holidays. This was the first of many apps that can use Geeq’s NFTs!

For more details, please see the write-up in the December 2023 Technical Update.

Additional Features

Non-fungible tokens (NFTs) build logically on Geeq’s secure validation of transactions with application payloads and metadata. The issuer fixes the characteristics and terms of the NFT. An NFT is minted by sending an application layer transaction. When the mint transaction is validated, a permanent record is created in the application layer. No smart contracts are required.

Geeq NFTs are controlled by coin accounts, so transactions that involve existing NFTs interact only with the validation blockchain. The minting coin account is controlled by the introduction of a coin account subgroup called “proxy account”.

Additional Features

Merkle proofs for NFT transactions are available via API.

Additional Features

Geeq Stacks build on the foundation of counterparty NFTs, offering a no-smart contract approach to curate, grow, and trade multi-layered digital assets.

Each Stack begins with a base layer and evolves as authenticated layers are appended by the owner. These layers can reference external records or capture new data, creating a complete, verifiable history of the Stack’s evolution. Stacks provide a snapshot of each moment in time, enabling users to organize assets thematically—such as maintaining a record of car receipts in one Stack or tracking achievements in another.

Every addition to a Stack is validated by Geeq’s protocol, ensuring the integrity of each layer. Once added, layers are immutable, preserving both the sequence and the provenance of the Stack. Block explorer views allow users to verify descriptions, ownership, and requirements for each layer, offering transparency and reliability.

Stacks are highly practical, supporting single, all-or-nothing transactions. This makes them ideal for collections or assets where the combined value exceeds the sum of individual parts, streamlining organization and trading for a variety of use cases.

Additional Features

A Counterparty NFT requires, by protocol, the validation of signatures from the sender and receiver.

Counterparty NFTs make sense when there must be a meeting of the minds, i.e. when both parties must agree to the same terms for the transfer of an asset. People are used to counterparty signatures to provide assurance that an asset has changed hands: when a buyer purchases real estate, when an important package is delivered.

Counterparty NFTs provide the same level of certainty when digital assets are exchanged: whether they represent a tokenized real world asset, such as a property registration, or the responsibility of a medical record.

Read more here.

Additional Features

The Geeq Stacks App is Geeq’s innovative on-chain solution for managing dynamic, multi-layered digital collections. It enables users to authenticate, append, and organize data securely, all without the need for smart contracts.

Geeq Stacks offers a new approach to blockchain-backed organization and verification, providing intuitive tools to curate evolving assets and unlock practical, scalable applications for businesses and individuals.

Additional Features

The Geeq Block Explorer for the Stacks App provides a transparent and intuitive interface to view and verify on-chain activity. It allows users to examine the provenance, authenticity, and sequence of every layer within a Stack, leveraging Geeq’s no-smart contract protocol.

Designed for accessibility and precision, the Block Explorer ensures all data is organized, searchable, and easily auditable, making blockchain validation straightforward for both users and developers.

Additional Features

The Stacks App and its customized block explorer were deployed simultaneously over multiple chains, for the first round of VIP NFT pass holders. Gold holders were provided more credits each on their own chain, while silver and bronze holders shared a different chain. (Yes!)

Additional Features

The Stacks App integrates a custodial wallet to deliver a user-friendly experience. Users access familiar tools like DALL-E and can save or tokenize their work directly on a Geeq chain, extending their workflow with seamless blockchain integration.

The in-app wallet simplifies the process: it creates a wallet for the user, formats the blockchain transaction without touching the data, and provides a confirmation button. Upon user approval, the wallet signs and submits the transaction to the blockchain and waits for a notification that the asset is in the user’s account.

Apps like this enhance data protection by removing centralized control and vulnerabilities. Users benefit by having irrefutable ownership of their tokenized assets without having to worry about exploits or malicious code from smart contracts affecting their wallets.

Additional Features

sReleased Hydrogen (Q4 2024), Helium, and Carbon (Q1, Q2 2025) for the community as testnets with iterative changes to the Stacks App. Login through social media accounts (Twitter/X) to demonstrate easy access via Web2. Login with token-gated Geeq VIP Pass (on Blast) to demonstrate easy access via Web3. Held community contests for best Stacks! Easy-use wallet app within an app for token testnets and transactions was provided as a custodial wallet.

Responded to community requests for more features in Stacks App, e.g. new space for Titles. Also released and iterated on the Block Explorer to display the full Stacks with sequential images.

Also supported Oasis, a testnet for Geeq Labs partner Aitrex. Aitrex developed the non-custodial wallet SafeQeep. Users were able to test mints of NFTs and coin transactions directly from the Aitrex wallet, with optional encryption per transaction. Although Oasis was a separate chain, the Block Explorer worked across chains.

In summary, multiple testnets were launched, with Web2, Web3, cusodial, and non-custodial wallets. The Stacks app was designed as a pure Web2 experience with testnet tokens, mints of Stacks, communications, and transfers, while Oasis featured NFT mints. All transactions were contract-free and verifiable on-chain in human readable format.

These testnets represented a major public push to involve the community in testing how easy, immediate, and secure transactions of digital assets and coins are on Geeq.

Additional Features

Aitrex built the first, non-custodial, multi-chain Geeq wallet as a mobile app. Named “SafeQeep” by the Community, SafeQeep includes an in-wallet feature to tokenize your data with a secret encryption key, sign it with your account’s private key, and send it to a Geeq chain. Read about its built-in contract-free mint here.

Additional Features

Administrative privileges were created to add and delete nodes in the validation network for a private blockchain.

Additional Features

Certain types of Geeq proxy accounts are able to designate an Administrative User. Permissioning structures for accounts and applications are highly desired for enterprise use and mirrors the settings for most software applications with group accounts.

Traditional software users will find this approach to blockchain familiar. In addition, these features provide on-ramps to integrations with Geeq.

Validating transactions, writing blocks, and updating records when there are multi-user permissions is complex. At the application layer, Geeq’s protocols are even more detailed, in order to construct blockchains and update ledgers in the correct sequence.

However, Geeq’s innovations of (i) validating and settling every transaction on-chain, (ii) using templates that automatically separate the data payloads, and (iii) building validation and application blockchains concurrently, makes it possible to build multi-user permissions into Geeq’s infrastructure. In doing so, the doors to a new age for decentralized “coordination” have been thrown open for Geeqs to walk through.